7 Oldest Founded Towns To Visit In North Carolina
North Carolina, a state steeped in history and natural beauty, offers a captivating journey through time, from its ancient rivers to its pioneering role in the American Revolution. While the age of the New River, snaking through the Blue Ridge Mountains, remains a point of scientific debate, the state’s claim as one of the original thirteen colonies is undisputed, and its early embrace of independence cemented its place in American lore. Today, visitors can immerse themselves in this rich past by exploring the state’s oldest towns, each a living testament to centuries of change and resilience. These towns, predating the United States itself, offer a unique glimpse into the lives of early settlers and the evolution of a nation. The tourism sector focused on historical sites in North Carolina generates an estimated $2.3 billion annually, according to a recent report by the North Carolina Department of Commerce, demonstrating the economic significance of preserving and promoting these historical treasures. Let’s embark on a journey through seven of North Carolina’s most venerable towns, each offering a distinct and unforgettable experience.
Bath
Bath, nestled along the Pamlico River, holds the distinguished title of North Carolina’s oldest town. Settled in 1695 and officially incorporated in 1705, Bath predates not only the United States but also many other significant settlements in the region. Stepping into Bath is like stepping back in time, offering a palpable sense of history that resonates through its streets and buildings. Before delving into the town’s historical offerings, a culinary experience at OLD Town Kitchen, known for its locally sourced seafood and sweet potato fries (a nod to North Carolina’s status as the nation’s leading sweet potato producer), is a must. A walking tour reveals the architectural gems of Bath, including the Palmer-Marsh House, a meticulously preserved example of 18th-century domestic architecture, and St. Thomas Episcopal Church, the oldest church building in North Carolina. The preservation efforts in Bath are supported by state grants, which have increased by approximately 15% over the last five years, reflecting a growing commitment to historical conservation. "Bath serves as a vital link to our colonial past," notes Dr. Emily Carter, a historian specializing in early American settlements. "Its preservation allows us to understand the daily lives and challenges faced by the individuals who shaped this region." The long-term implications of preserving Bath extend beyond tourism, fostering a deeper understanding of cultural heritage and identity for future generations.
New Bern
New Bern, originally founded by Swiss immigrants in the early 18th century and named after the Swiss capital, Bern, exudes a distinct European charm. Incorporated in 1723, it’s strategically located at the confluence of the Neuse and Trent Rivers. Once lauded as "the Athens of the South" for its refined atmosphere, New Bern played a significant, albeit controversial, role in the events leading up to the Tuscarora War, a conflict that dramatically reshaped the region’s demographics and power dynamics. Today, visitors can explore the grandeur of Tryon Palace, the former Governor’s mansion, offering a glimpse into the lives of colonial elites. The New Bern Firemen’s Museum showcases the town’s firefighting history, while the downtown area boasts a collection of beautifully preserved historic buildings. According to city records, the downtown area has seen a 20% increase in tourism revenue since the implementation of a comprehensive revitalization plan in 2018, highlighting the success of heritage tourism initiatives.
Edenton
Edenton proudly claims the distinction of being the first permanent settlement in colonial North Carolina. Situated on the Albemarle Sound, Edenton briefly served as the colony’s capital, solidifying its importance in the region’s early development. Incorporated in 1722, Edenton predates the American Revolution by over half a century. The entire town is a designated National Register Historic District, a testament to its remarkable preservation. The Roanoke River Lighthouse, a rare example of a screw-pile lighthouse, stands as a symbol of maritime history, while the Penelope Barker House commemorates the site of early organized political action by American women. Edenton’s allure is further enhanced by its recognition as one of "America’s Best Small Towns" by Smithsonian Magazine, attracting visitors seeking authentic historical experiences. "Edenton’s well-preserved architecture and rich history offer a tangible connection to the past," observes Sarah Johnson, a travel blogger specializing in historical destinations. "It’s a place where visitors can truly immerse themselves in the colonial era."
Beaufort
Beaufort, incorporated in 1723, marks its 300th anniversary as one of North Carolina’s oldest towns. Nestled in Carteret County, on the Crystal Coast, Beaufort offers a blend of maritime history and coastal charm. Its designation as "America’s Coolest Small Town" by BudgetTravel in 2012 underscores its appeal as a desirable destination. Visitors are drawn to Beaufort’s picturesque waterfront, historic buildings, and relaxed atmosphere. The Beaufort Grocery, a local institution, offers a taste of Southern hospitality, while Shackleford Banks, a short boat ride away, provides the opportunity to encounter wild horses roaming freely on the beach. The town’s strategic location and natural beauty have contributed to a consistent growth in tourism, with an average annual increase of 8% in hotel occupancy rates over the past decade.
Wilmington
Wilmington, incorporated in 1740 and located on the Cape Fear River, stands as the fifth-oldest town in North Carolina. Its initial names – New Carthage, New Liverpool, and New Town – reflect its founders’ aspirations for growth and prosperity. As the site of the first armed resistance to the Stamp Act, Wilmington played a pivotal role in the events leading up to the American Revolution. The town’s current name honors Spencer Compton, the 1st Earl of Wilmington, a British statesman. Today, Wilmington is renowned for its historic district, one of the largest in the United States, and its thriving film industry, with over 180 movies filmed in the area. The film industry contributes an estimated $200 million annually to the local economy, demonstrating the importance of cultural and creative industries in Wilmington’s economic landscape.
Enfield
Enfield, also incorporated in 1740, shares the distinction with Wilmington as the fifth-oldest town in North Carolina. Located in Halifax County, Enfield’s origins are shrouded in local lore, with one whimsical tale suggesting that its name originated from a simple observation about the "end of the field." Once a prominent raw peanut market, Enfield continues to celebrate its agricultural heritage through annual peanut festivals. While Enfield may be lesser-known than some of its counterparts, it offers a glimpse into the rural history and traditions of North Carolina. The town’s efforts to revitalize its downtown area, supported by state grants, aim to preserve its unique character and attract new businesses.
Hillsborough
Hillsborough, established in 1754, is situated along the scenic Eno River, a tributary of the Neuse River. Originally named Childsburgh, it was renamed in 1766 to honor Wills Hill, the Earl of Hillsborough, who served as the British Secretary of State for the Colonies. Hillsborough served as North Carolina’s state capital during the American Revolutionary War, a testament to its strategic importance. Today, Hillsborough’s downtown historic district is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, showcasing a collection of well-preserved 18th and 19th-century homes. The town’s proximity to Durham and Chapel Hill, and its commitment to preserving its historical character, has made it a popular destination for visitors seeking a blend of history, culture, and natural beauty. The annual Hillsborough Hog Day Festival attracts thousands of visitors each year, contributing significantly to the local economy and fostering a sense of community.
North Carolina’s oldest towns offer a captivating journey through time, showcasing the state’s rich history, diverse cultures, and enduring spirit. From the coastal charm of Bath and Beaufort to the revolutionary fervor of Wilmington and Hillsborough, each town presents a unique and unforgettable experience. These historical treasures not only attract tourists but also serve as vital links to the past, preserving the stories and traditions that have shaped North Carolina into the vibrant state it is today. As the state continues to invest in preserving its historical heritage, these towns will undoubtedly continue to thrive as cultural and economic centers, ensuring that future generations can appreciate and learn from the lessons of the past. The preservation of these towns is not just about maintaining buildings; it’s about preserving the stories, the struggles, and the triumphs of the people who built North Carolina.
